| / English Dictionary |
BIOCHEMISTRY
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
The organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry
Classified under:
Nouns denoting cognitive processes and contents
Hypernyms ("biochemistry" is a kind of...):
organic chemistry (the chemistry of compounds containing carbon (originally defined as the chemistry of substances produced by living organisms but now extended to substances synthesized artificially))
Domain member category:
endergonic ((biochemistry) of a process accompanied by or requiring the absorption of energy; the products of the process are of greater free energy than the reactants)
exergonic ((biochemistry) of a process accompanied by the release of energy)
transcribe (convert the genetic information in (a strand of DNA) into a strand of RNA, especially messenger RNA)
coenzyme Q; ubiquinone (any of several quinones found in living cells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electrons from one molecule to another in cell respiration)
cytochrome ((biochemistry) a class of hemoprotein whose principal biological function is electron transfer (especially in cellular respiration))
oligo; oligonucleotide ((biochemistry) a polynucleotide whose molecules contain relatively few nucleotides)
polynucleotide ((biochemistry) a linear polymer whose molecule is composed of many nucleotide units constituting a section of a nucleic acid molecule)
nucleic acid ((biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells)
ribonucleic acid; RNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell)
deoxyribonucleic acid; desoxyribonucleic acid; DNA ((biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information)
adenosine ((biochemistry) a nucleoside that is a structural component of nucleic acids; it is present in all living cells in a combined form as a constituent of DNA and RNA and ADP and ATP and AMP)
A; adenine ((biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA)
cutin ((biochemistry) a waxy transparent material that occurs in the cuticle of plants and consists of highly polymerized esters of fatty acids)
precursor (a substance from which another substance is formed (especially by a metabolic reaction))
lysis ((biochemistry) dissolution or destruction of cells such as blood cells or bacteria)
sequenator; sequencer ((chemistry) an apparatus that can determine the sequence of monomers in a polymer)
agonist ((biochemistry) a drug that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction)
antagonism ((biochemistry) interference in or inhibition of the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "biochemistry"):
enzymology (the branch of biochemistry dealing with the chemical nature and biological activity of enzymes)
zymology; zymurgy (the branch of chemistry concerned with fermentation (as in making wine or brewing or distilling))
Derivation:
biochemical (of or relating to biochemistry; involving chemical processes in living organisms)
biochemist (someone with special training in biochemistry)
Context examples:
The branch of biochemistry that is specifically concerned with the structure, synthesis, maintenance and biological pathways that involve nucleotides.
(Nucleotide Biochemistry, NCI Thesaurus)
The branch of nucleic acid biochemistry concerned with the properties and actions of enzymes.
(Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Enzymology, NCI Thesaurus)
The field overlaps with other areas of biology, particularly genetics and biochemistry.
(Molecular Biology, NCI Thesaurus)
The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms.
(Biological Sciences, NLM, Medical Subject Headings)
The field devoted to applying the techniques of biochemistry, cellular biology, biophysics, and molecular biology to addressing issues related to human beings and the environment.
(Biotechnology, NCI Thesaurus)
More complex biochemistry means more ways to make feather pigmentation.
(Colorful bird feathers offer evolutionary clues, National Science Foundation)
Bioinformatics is a rapidly developing branch of biology and is highly interdisciplinary, using techniques and concepts from informatics, statistics, mathematics, chemistry, biochemistry, physics, and linguistics.
(Bioinformatics, NCI Thesaurus)
The resistance means that the fundamental biochemistry and biology of the bacteria are changing.
(Nanoparticles may have bigger impact on the environment than previously thought, National Science Foundation)
Lopez Garcia said, “We would not expect to find life forms in similar environments on other planets, at least not based on a biochemistry similar to terrestrial biochemistry.”
(Place discovered on earth with no microbial life, The Titi Tudorancea Bulletin)
In biochemistry, reactions that need oxygen to happen or happen when oxygen is present.
(Aerobic, NCI Dictionary)
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