BIVALENT

Pronunciation (US): (GB):

I. (adjective)

Sense 1

Meaning:

Used of homologous chromosomes associated in pairs in synapsis

Synonyms:

bivalent; double

Classified under:

Adjectives

Attribute:

valence; valency ((biology) a relative capacity to unite or react or interact as with antigens or a biological substrate)

Domain category:

genetic science; genetics (the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms)

Antonym:

multivalent (used of the association of three or more homologous chromosomes during the first division of meiosis)

univalent (used of a chromosome that is not paired or united with its homologous chromosome during synapsis)

Sense 2

Meaning:

Having a valence of two or having two valences

Synonyms:

bivalent; divalent

Classified under:

Relational adjectives (pertainyms)

Domain category:

chemical science; chemistry (the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions)

Pertainym:

valence ((chemistry) a property of atoms or radicals; their combining power given in terms of the number of hydrogen atoms (or the equivalent))

Credits

Context examples:

A bivalent cancer vaccine comprised of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding human mucin 1 (MUC1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities.

(MVA-MUC1-IL2 Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

A bivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) therapeutic vaccine containing recombinant inactivated adenylate cyclase (CyaA) from Bordetella pertussis carrying a sequence encoding the E7 antigen of both HPV16 and 18, with potential immunostimulatory and antiviral properties.

(Bivalent HPV16/18 Therapeutic Cervical Cancer Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)

A poloxamer-formulated, bivalent DNA vaccine containing two plasmids encoding both the human cytomegaloviral (CMV) tegument phosphoprotein 65 (pp65), a major internal matrix protein, and glycoprotein B (gB), an important CMV component responsible for attachment and entry into cells, with potential immunostimulatory properties.

(CMVpp65/gB Plasmid Vaccine ASP0113, NCI Thesaurus)

A bivalent fusion protein consisting of disulfide-stabilized Fv fragments of an anti-HER2 (erbB2) monoclonal antibody (e23) and a truncated version of the M(r) 38 fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin that lacks the toxin's cell binding domain.

(Erb-38 immunotoxin, NCI Thesaurus)

Also called recombinant human papillomavirus bivalent vaccine.

(Cervarix, NCI Dictionary)

The bromodomain containing transcription complexes SWI/SNF and TFIID are recruited to the promoter via bivalent interactions between the enhanceosome and specifically acetylated histone N termini.

(IFN-Beta Enhancer Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)

Upon administration of bivalent HPV16/18 therapeutic cervical cancer vaccine, the expressed proteins may activate cell-mediated immunity and induce both cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and CD4+ helper T cells against the target antigens HPV16-E7 and HPV18-E7, which leads to HPV viral clearance.