| / English Dictionary |
CATION
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
A positively charged ion
Classified under:
Nouns denoting natural objects (not man-made)
Hypernyms ("cation" is a kind of...):
ion (a particle that is electrically charged (positive or negative); an atom or molecule or group that has lost or gained one or more electrons)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "cation"):
hydrogen ion (a positively charged atom of hydrogen; that is to say, a normal hydrogen atomic nucleus)
diazonium (the univalent cation R-N:N- (where R is an aromatic hydrocarbon); found in salts that are used in manufacturing azo dyes)
Derivation:
cationic (of or relating to cations)
Context examples:
Inhibited by chelating agents; requires divalent cations for activity.
(Aryldialkylphosphatase, NCI Thesaurus)
The cathartic action of magnesium cations appears to result, in part, from osmotically mediated water retention, which subsequently stimulates peristalsis.
(Magnesium Citrate, NCI Thesaurus)
Substances that ionize into anions and cations in body fluids.
(Electrolytes, NCI Thesaurus)
A bile acid compounded with a cation, often sodium.
(Bile Salt, NCI Thesaurus)
Monomeric actin, a slow ATPase composed of a 375 amino acid polypeptide chain, interacts with one molecule of ATP or ADP and contains high affinity and low affinity binding sites for divalent cations.
(Actin, NCI Thesaurus)
Ciclopirox exerts its action by binding to and chelating trivalent cations, such as Fe3+ and Al3+, thereby inhibiting the availability of essential co-factors for enzymes.
(Ciclopirox, NCI Thesaurus)
Renal epithelial cell apical and basolateral polyspecific organic-cation transporters mediate excretion of endogenous and exogenous compounds.
(Organic Cation Transporter-Like 2 Protein, NCI Thesaurus)
Odorant molecules bind to a receptor protein (R) coupled to an olfactory specific Gs-protein (G) and activate a type III adenylyl cyclase (AC), increasing intracellular cAMP levels. cAMP targets an olfactory-specific cyclic-nucleotide gated ion channel (CNG), allowing cations, particularly Na and Ca, to flow down their electrochemical gradients into the cell, depolarizing the ORN.
(Olfactory Transduction Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)
Although the exact mechanism of action of ciclopirox has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent is able to chelate trivalent cations, such as Fe3+, thereby inhibiting the availability of essential co-factors for enzymes.
(Ciclopirox Olamine Oral, NCI Thesaurus)
Although its mechanism of action is not well understood, ciclopirox may chelate trivalent cations, such as Fe3+ and Al3+, thereby inhibiting the availability of essential metal co-factors for enzymes, which may result in a loss of enzyme activities that are essential for cellular metabolism, organization of cell wall structure, and other crucial cell functions in a wide variety of fungal species.
(Ciclopirox Olamine Lotion, NCI Thesaurus)
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