| / English Dictionary |
HYDROXYL RADICAL
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
The monovalent group -OH in such compounds as bases and some acids and alcohols
Synonyms:
hydroxyl; hydroxyl group; hydroxyl radical
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("hydroxyl radical" is a kind of...):
chemical group; group; radical ((chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule)
Context examples:
Bleomycin A2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.
(Bleomycin A2, NCI Thesaurus)
Bleomycin B2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation.
(Bleomycin B2, NCI Thesaurus)
With the rise of methane emissions into the atmosphere, scientists historically thought that might cause the amount of hydroxyl radicals to be used up on the global scale and, as a result, extend methane's lifetime, currently estimated to be nine years.
(Greenhouse Gas ‘Detergent’ Recycles Itself in Atmosphere, NASA)
Consisting of manganese (II) ions chelated to fodipir (dipyridoxyl diphosphate or DPDP), mangafodipir scavenges oxygen free radicals such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical, potentially preventing oxygen free radical damage to macromolecules such as DNA and minimizing oxygen free radical-related chemotoxicity in normal tissues.
(Mangafodipir Trisodium, NCI Thesaurus)
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