| / English Dictionary |
MONOSACCHARIDE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
A sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates
Synonyms:
monosaccharide; monosaccharose; simple sugar
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("monosaccharide" is a kind of...):
carbohydrate; saccharide; sugar (an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "monosaccharide"):
triose (any monosaccharide sugar containing three atoms of carbon per molecule)
tetrose (any monosaccharide sugar containing four atoms of carbon per molecule)
pentose (any monosaccharide sugar containing five atoms of carbon per molecule)
hexose (a monosaccharide that contains six carbon atoms per molecule)
aldose (a monosaccharide sugar that contains the aldehyde group or is hemiacetal)
ketose (any monosaccharide sugar that contains a ketone group or its hemiacetal)
Context examples:
The monohydrate form of the beta isoform of D-glucopyranose, a synthetic simple monosaccharide as an energy source.
(Beta-D-Glucopyranose Monohydrate, NCI Thesaurus)
The monohydrate form of the alpha isoform of D-glucopyranose, a synthetic simple monosaccharide that is used as an energy source.
(Alpha-D-Glucopyranose Monohydrate, NCI Thesaurus)
After sequential addition of monosaccharides by ALG glycosyltransferases, the N-glycan precursor is attached by the OST (oligosaccharyltransferase) complex to the polypeptide chain that is being synthesized and translocated through the ER membrane.
(N-Glycan Biosynthesis Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/KEGG)
The monohydrate form of D-glucose, a natural monosaccharide and carbohydrate.
(Dextrose Monohydrate, NCI Thesaurus)
A carbohydrate comprised of two monosaccharides joined by an ether bridge (covalent bonds centered by an oxygen).
(Disaccharide, NCI Thesaurus/CRCH)
A carbohydrate comprised of eleven or more monosaccharides joined by ether bridges (covalent bonds centered by an oxygen).
(Dietary Polysaccharide, NCI Thesaurus/CRCH)
Miglitol binds to and inhibits alpha-glucosidase, an enteric enzyme found in the brush border of the small intestines that hydrolyzes oligosaccharides and disaccharides into glucose and other monosaccharides.
(Miglitol, NCI Thesaurus)
Camiglibose binds to and inhibits alpha-glucosidase, an enteric enzyme found in the brush border of the small intestines that hydrolyzes oligosaccharides and disaccharides into glucose and other monosaccharides.
(Camiglibose, NCI Thesaurus)
A simple sugar monosaccharide having two isoforms, alpha and beta, with a chemical structure of C6H12O6 that acts as an energy source for both plants and animals by reacting with oxygen, generating carbon dioxide and water, and releasing energy.
(Glucose, NCI Thesaurus)
Glucose Transport Induction consists of the initiation of subcellular or molecular processes directly involved in the physical translocation from one site or compartment to another (typically, extracellular to intracellular) of the simple C6H12O6 monosaccharide, glucose, that acts as an energy source for cells.
(Glucose Transport Induction, NCI Thesaurus)
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