| / English Dictionary |
OLIGOSACCHARIDE
| Pronunciation (US): |  | (GB): | |
I. (noun)
Sense 1
Meaning:
Any of the carbohydrates that yield only a few monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis
Classified under:
Hypernyms ("oligosaccharide" is a kind of...):
carbohydrate; saccharide; sugar (an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain)
Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "oligosaccharide"):
disaccharide (any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield two monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis)
tetrasaccharide (any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield four monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis)
trisaccharide (any of a variety of carbohydrates that yield three monosaccharide molecules on complete hydrolysis)
Context examples:
Many complex O-linked oligosaccharides are presumably added by glycosyltransferases.
(Mucin Peptide MUC-1, NCI Thesaurus)
Class of oligosaccharides produced by plants that are polymers mainly comprised of fructose (generally 2 to 140) units usually with a glucose end.
(Inulin, NCI Thesaurus/CRCH)
Galactosyltransferase catalyzes the formation of a glycosidic bond between galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine to create N-acetyllactosamine (D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine), found in the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
(Lactose Synthesis Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
GD2 is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) that may be highly expressed by melanomas and other neuroectodermal tumors, while only minimally expressed by normal tissues.
(Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine, NCI Thesaurus)
An oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces galilaeus.
(Aclarubicin, NCI Thesaurus)
Most of the proteins synthesized in the ER are cotranslationally modified with N (asparagine)-linked glycans by addition of triglycosylated, branched oligosaccharides at asparagines residues.
(Endoplasmic Reticulum Degradation Pathway, NCI Thesaurus/BIOCARTA)
This protein plays a role in the addition of high-mannose oligosaccharides to asparagine residues.
(Dolichyl-Diphosphooligosaccharide--Protein Glycosyltransferase Subunit DAD1, NCI Thesaurus)
Phytohemagglutinin binds to complex oligosaccharides containing galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and mannose, causing agglutination of most mammalian red blood cell types.
(Phytohemagglutinin, NCI Thesaurus)
A glycosylation site is an amino acid residue within a peptide that accepts oligosaccharide via amide linkage, specifically through amide nitrogen of asparagine via N-acetylglucosamine, as one of the post-translational modifications.
(N-Glycosylation Site, NCI Thesaurus)
In addition, acarbose inhibits pancreatic alpha-amylase which hydrolyzes complex starches to oligosaccharides in the small intestines.
(Acarbose, NCI Thesaurus)
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