/ English Dictionary |
PRESUME
Pronunciation (US): | (GB): |
I. (verb)
Verb forms
Present simple: I / you / we / they presume ... he / she / it presumes
Past simple: presumed
-ing form: presuming
Sense 1
Meaning:
Take liberties or act with too much confidence
Classified under:
Verbs of grooming, dressing and bodily care
Hypernyms (to "presume" is one way to...):
act; behave; do (behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself)
Sentence frame:
Somebody ----s
Derivation:
presumption (a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming)
presumption (audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to)
Sense 2
Meaning:
Take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof
Example:
I assume his train was late
Synonyms:
assume; presume; take for granted
Classified under:
Verbs of thinking, judging, analyzing, doubting
Hypernyms (to "presume" is one way to...):
anticipate; expect (regard something as probable or likely)
Troponyms (each of the following is one way to "presume"):
presuppose; suppose (take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand)
Sentence frames:
Somebody ----s something
Something ----s something
Somebody ----s that CLAUSE
Derivation:
presumption (a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming)
presumption ((law) an inference of the truth of a fact from other facts proved or admitted or judicially noticed)
presumption (an assumption that is taken for granted)
presumptive (affording reasonable grounds for belief or acceptance)
presumptive (having a reasonable basis for belief or acceptance)
Sense 3
Meaning:
Constitute reasonable evidence for
Example:
A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food
Classified under:
Verbs of telling, asking, ordering, singing
Hypernyms (to "presume" is one way to...):
bear witness; evidence; prove; show; testify (provide evidence for)
Sentence frame:
Something ----s something
Derivation:
presumptive (affording reasonable grounds for belief or acceptance)
presumptive (having a reasonable basis for belief or acceptance)
Sense 4
Meaning:
Take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission
Example:
How dare you call my lawyer?
Synonyms:
Classified under:
Verbs of political and social activities and events
Hypernyms (to "presume" is one way to...):
act; move (perform an action, or work out or perform (an action))
Sentence frames:
Somebody ----s to INFINITIVE
Somebody ----s INFINITIVE
Derivation:
presumption (a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming)
Context examples:
The scientists presumed ganglion cells would only respond to colors detected by nearby cones.
(New color vision pathway unveiled, NIH)
“This, I understand is your son’s room”—he pushed open the door—“and that, I presume, is the dressing-room in which he sat smoking when the alarm was given.”
(The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle)
It had been, as he before presumed, too hasty a measure on Crawford's side, and time must be given to make the idea first familiar, and then agreeable to her.
(Mansfield Park, by Jane Austen)
He is a man whom I cannot presume to praise.
(Emma, by Jane Austen)
Elinor sighed over the fancied necessity of this; but to a man and a soldier she presumed not to censure it.
(Sense and Sensibility, by Jane Austen)
Defined as patients with defined or presumed cardiac disease and one of the following: Class I: without limitations of physical activity.
(New York Heart Association Class, NCI Thesaurus)
A neoplasm or the cellar region presumed to be derived from Rathke's pouch epithelial cells.
(Mouse Craniopharyngioma, NCI Thesaurus/MMHCC)
A finding associated with a patient with defined or presumed cardiac disease without limitations of physical activity.
(New York Heart Association Class I, NCI Thesaurus)
A finding associated with a patient with defined or presumed cardiac disease with slight limitation of physical activity.
(New York Heart Association Class II, NCI Thesaurus)
A unit of percentage measurement for quantitative evaluation of a forecasted or presumed value against the actual observation value.
(Percent of Predicted Value, NCI Thesaurus)